Overview
Chapter 1 R&D Personnel
  Section 1 Overview of R&D Personnel
  Section 2 Structure of R&D Personnel
  Section 3 Cultivation of Human Resources in Science and Technology
Chapter 2 Research and Development Expenditure
  Section 1 Overview of R&D Expenditure
  Section 2 Structure of R&D Expenditure
  Section 3 Sources and Destinations of R&D Expenditure
  Section 4 Government Science and Technology Expenditure
Chapter 3 Output of Science and Technology Activities
  Section 1 S&T Papers
  Section 2 Patents
  Section 3 Technology Transaction
Chapter 4 Research and Development Activities of Enterprises
  Section 1 R&D Activities of Enterprises
  Section 2 R&D Activities of Industrial Enterprises
  Section 3 R&D Collaboration and Technology Acquisition of Industrial Enterprises
Chapter 5 Science and Technology Activities of Higher Education Institutions
  Section 1 R&D Institutions and Personnel of HEIs
  Section 2 R&D Expenditure of HEIs
  Section 3 R&D Output of HEIs
Chapter 6 S&T Activities of Government Research Institutes
  Section 1 Overview of Research Institutes
  Section 2 R&D Personnel of Research Institutes
  Section 3 R&D Expenditure of Research Institutes
  Section 4 Output of S&T Activities and Transfer of Technological Achievements
Chapter 7 High-tech Industry and Innovation & Start-up
  Section 1 High-tech Industry
  Section 2 National High-tech Zones and Business Incubators
Chapter 8 Regional Science and Technology Indicators
Annex Tables
  Annex Table 1-1 Overview of R&D personnel (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 1-2 R&D personnel of selected countries/regions by sector of performance
  Annex Table 1-3 Number of undergraduate and postgraduate students (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 2-1 R&D expenditure (2000–2021)
  Annex Table 2-2 Distribution of R&D expenditure by type of activity and sectors of performance (2000–2021)
  Annex Table 2-3 Structure of R&D expenditure by sectors of performance (2021)
  Annex Table 2-4 Central and local government S&T expenditures and their proportions to total government expenditure (2000–2021)
  Annex Table 2-5 R&D expenditure (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 2-6 R&D intensity of selected countries (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 2-7 Distribution of R&D expenditure of selected countries by type of activity
  Annex Table 2-8 Distribution of R&D expenditure of selected countries by sectors of performance
  Annex Table 2-9 Distribution of R&D expenditure of selected countries by source of funds
  Annex Table 3-1 SCI papers from China (2007–2021)
  Annex Table 3-2 SCI papers from China by academic discipline and type of institution (2007–2021)
  Annex Table 3-3 Number of three types of resident and non-resident patent applications and grants (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 3-4 Number of resident invention patent grants by type of patent owner (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 3-5 PCT applications of selected countries (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 3-6 Triadic patent applications of selected countries (2010–2020)
  Annex Table 3-7 China’s technology contract turnover (2011–2021)
  Annex Table 3-8 Technology contracts in China (2021)
  Annex Table 4-1 Enterprise R&D personnel and R&D expenditure (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 4-2 Sources and composition of enterprise R&D expenditure (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 4-3 Intramural R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises (2009–2021)
  Annex Table 4-4 R&D intensity of industrial enterprises (2009–2021)
  Annex Table 4-5 Experimental development expenditure of industrial enterprises and its proportion to total R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises (2009–2021)
  Annex Table 4-6 Distribution of intramural R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises by industry (2021)
  Annex Table 4-7 Distribution of extramural R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises above the designated size by industry (2021)
  Annex Table 4-8 Expenditure on technology acquisition of industrial enterprises above the designated size (2011–2021)
  Annex Table 5-1 R&D activities of higher education institutions (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 5-2 Higher education institution R&D expenditure of selected countries
  Annex Table 6-1 Number of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-2 R&D personnel of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-3 Proportion of R&D personnel of research institutes to national total of selected countries (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-4 Academic degree structure of R&D personnel in research institutes (2009–2021)
  Annex Table 6-5 R&D expenditure of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-6 Proportion of R&D expenditure of research institutes to national R&D expenditure of selected countries (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-7 Proportion of basic research expenditure to R&D expenditure of research institutes of selected countries (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-8 Output of S&T papers of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-9 Patent applications of and patent grants to research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-10 Number of technology contracts of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 6-11 Turnover of technology contracts of research institutes (2006–2021)
  Annex Table 7-1 High-technology sector overview (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 7-2 High-technology sector on main S&T indicators (2010–2021)
  Annex Table 8-1 Main S&T indicators by region (2021)
  Annex Table 8-2 Performance of regions on main S&T indicators (2021)
Explanatory Notes to Major Statistic Indicators