Introduction
Chapter 1  Building Blocks and Structure
  1.1  Atoms and Ions
    1.1.1  Subatomic Particles
    1.1.2  Atomic Constituents of Life
    1.1.3  Ions
  1.2  Molecules Essential for Life
    1.2.1  Water
    1.2.2  Proteins
    1.2.3  Lipids
    1.2.4  Carbohydrates
    1.2.5  Cholesterol
    1.2.6  Nucleic Acid
  1.3  What Is Life?
    1.3.1  Requirements for Life
    1.3.2  Domains of Life
    1.3.3  Characteristics of Living Cells
    1.3.4  Structure of Living Cells
    1.3.5  Boundary of Life
Chapter 2  Living State Interactions
  2.1  Forces and Molecular Bonds
    2.1.1  Ionic Bonds
    2.1.2  Covalent Bonds
    2.1.3  Hydrogen Bonds
    2.1.4  Van der Waal Forces
  2.2  Electric and Thermal Interactions
  2.3  Electric Dipoles
    2.3.1  Polarization and Induced Dipoles
  2.4  Casimir Interactions
  2.5  Domains of Physics in Biology
  Exercises
Chapter 3  Heat Transfer in Biomaterials
  3.1  Heat Transfer Mechanisms
    3.1.1  Conduction
    3.1.2  Convection
    3.1.3  Radiation
  3.2  The Heat Equation
    3.2.1  Transient Heat Flow
    3.2.2  Steady State Heat Flow
  3.3  Joule Heating of Tissue
  Exercises
Chapter 4  Living State Thermodynamics
  4.1  Thermodynamic Equilibrium
  4.2  First Law of Thermodynamics and Conservation of Energy
  4.3  Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
    4.3.1  Does Life Violate the Second Law?
    4.3.2  Measures of Entropy?
    4.3.3  Free Expansion of a Gas
  4.4  Physics of Many Particle Systems
    4.4.1  How Boltzmann Factors in Biology
    4.4.2  Canonical Partition Function
    4.4.3  Average Energy
    4.4.4  Entropy and Free Energy
    4.4.5  Heat Capacity
  4.5  Two-State Systems
  4.6  Continuous Energy Distribution
  4.7  Composite Systems
    4.7.1  DNA Stretching
  4.8  Casimir Contribution to the Free Energy
    4.8.1  Lipid Bilayer Tubes
    4.8.2  Rouleax
  4.9  Protein Folding and Unfolding
    4.9.1  Protein Unfolding
    4.9.2  Levinthal's Paradox
    4.9.3  Energy Landscape
Chapter 5   Open Systems and Chemical Thermodynamics
Chapter 6   Diffusion and Transport
Chapter 7   Fluids
Chapter 8   Bioenergetics and Molecular Motors
Chapter 9   Passive Electrical Properties of Living Cells
Chapter 10  Nerve Conduction
Chapter 11  Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials
Chapter 12  Biomagnetism
Chapter 13  Nonlinearity and Chaos in Biological Systems
Chapter 14  Fractals and Complexity in the Life Sciences
Chapter 15  Life and the Universe
Appendix 1: Mathematical Formulas
Appendix 2: Overview of MATLAB
Appendix 3: Derivation of the Heat Equation
Appendix 4: Derivation of Shannon's Entropy Formula
Appendix 5: Thermodynamic Identifies
Appendix 6: Kramers-Kronig Transformations
Appendix 7: Solution to the One-Dimensional Schr6dinger Equation
Appendix 8: Biophysical Applications of QuickField
Appendix 9: Biological Material Properties
Appendix 10: Solutions of the Linearized Poisson-Boltzmann Equation
References and Further Reading
Index